Biscationic disazo dyes for acid-modified nylons

ABSTRACT

Y N R9R2R3 or NHCOCH2N R9R2R3, where R9 R1 or H m 0 or 1 N 0 OR 1 Z H when n 0 and OH when n 1 A anion AND WHERE ALKYL GROUPS CONTAIN 1-4 CARBON ATOMS, ARE PARTICULARLY WELL SUITED FOR DYEING OF BULK CONTINUOUS FILAMENT (BCF) nylon styling carpet, and have good exhaust and lightfastness on acid-modified nylon and excellent reserve on unmodified nylons, at the preferred dyeing pH range of 6-6.5. The dyes are prepared by coupling p-aminophenacylammonium or p-(paminophenylazo)phenacylammonium salts to N,N-disubstituted anilines containing a pendant tertiary amine or quaternary ammonium group attached to the nitrogen atom. Orange to violet biscationic azo dyes having the formula   where R1 alkyl R2 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl R3 alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or benzyl OR R2 and R3 together alicyclic ring OR R1, R2, and R3 together pyridinium ring R4 H or Cl W 1,4-naphthylene or R5 and R6 H, alkyl, alkoxy or Cl R7 H, alkyl, alkoxy, Cl, NHCO alkyl or NHCOC6H5 R8 H, Cl, alkyl or alkoxy

United States Patent 1 James 1 Oct. 7, 1975 1 1 BISCATIONIC DISAZO DYES FOR ACID-MODIFIED NYLONS [75] Inventor: Daniel Shaw James, Hockessin, Del.

[73] Assignee: E. 1. Du Pont de Nemours and Company, Wilmington, Del.

[22] Filed: May 3, 1973 [21] Appl. No: 356,909

Related U.S. Application Data [62] Division of Ser. No. 58,707, July 27, 1970, Pat, No

[52] U.S. Cl 260/191; 260/146 R; 260/146 D; 260/148; 260/149; 260/152; 260/154; 260/156; 260/184; 260/185; 260/186; 260/187; 260/205; 260/206; 260/207;

260/207.1 [51] Int. Cl. C09B 31/02; D061 3/26 [58] Field of Search 260/154, 156, 186, 187, 260/191 [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,100,739 5/1963 Kaiser et a1. 260/378 UX 3,454,552 7/1969 Yamaya et a1. 260/155 3,532,683 10/1970 Sartori 260/207 3,542,758 11/1970 Hegar 260/156 Primary ExaminerFloyd D. Higel [57] ABSTRACT Orange to violet biscationic azo dyes having the formula where R alkyl R alkyl or hydroxyalkyl R alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or benzyl or R and R together alicyclic ring or R,, R and R together pyridinium ring R, H or C1 W 1,4-naphthylene or R and R H, alkyl, alkoxy or Cl R, H, alkyl, alkoxy, C1,

NHCOC H R H, C1, alkyl or alkoxy NHCO alkyl or 2 Claims, N0 Drawings BISCATIONIC DISAZO DYES FOR ACID-MODIFIED NYIJONS This is a division, of application Ser. No. 58,707, filed July 27, 1970, and now US. Patent No. 3,759,893.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Multicolored bulked continuous filament (BCF) nylon styling carpeting has grown rapidly in popularity since its introduction a few years ago. Such carpeting l0 initially contained several polyamide modifications which differ from each other with respect to the concentration of free amine end groups in the fiber. US. Pat. No. 3,078,248 describes the preparation of polyamide fibers of varying amine end content. Since amine groups act as dye sites for acid dyes, these modified nylons vary in acid dye receptivity. Hence, when a carpet composed of three such nylons having low, medium and high amine end content (which may be termed light-, mediumand deep-dyeable nylon, respectively) is dyed with a suitable acid dye or dyes, a three-tone effect is produced. Greater versatility of shade is obtainable by using disperse dyes in addition to acid dyes. Disperse dyes are not site-dyeing (since they possess no ionic groups) and thus dye all nylon modifications of 35 the kind described above to the same depth, irrespective of the amine-end concentration. To illustrate this point, one can visualize a tricomponent nylon carpet 2 cationic dye-receptive nylon.

The choice of cationic dyes for acid-modified nylon in styling carpeting depends on two main considerations, namely, a high degree of fastness (particularly to light) on the acid-modified nylon and a lack of staining on the unmodified nylons. The former consideration is self-explanatory, since the fastness requirements for carpet dyes are higher than for almost any other dye end-use; the latter consideration is important since cross-stains can have poor fastness properties and would tend to dull the shade of the acid dyes on the unmodified nylon components and minimize the color contrast between the different types of fiber.

It has been found that the staining of unmodified nylon with cationic dyes depends on the pH at which the dyes are applied to the substrate. Many' commercial, monocationic dyes have satisfactory non-staining characteristics on unmodified nylon at low pH (i.e. 4 or below). However, at the preferred dyeing pH range for monocationic dyes of 6-6.5, staining becomes more apparent and, in most cases, tends to become unacceptable for commercial use.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Nylon styling yarns containing acid-modified nylon and unmodified nylon fibers can be dyed in an aqueous dyebath at a pH of from about 6 to about 6.5 with novel orange to violet biscationic azo dyes having the formula 12 12 12313 00 @tkN-(W-Ihfi 0 x A6 dyed first with a suitable red acid dye and then with a yellow disperse dye. The red dye will produce light, medium and deep red shades, respectively, on the three different kinds of nylon. The yellow disperse dye, how- 45 ever, will dye all three nylons to the same depth of shade. The resulting shades will be reddish-yellow, orange and scarlet, respectively.

With the introduction of acid-modified" nylons (eg as in US. Pat. No. 3,184,436), the range of multicolored effects obtainable on BCF nylon styling carpeting was greatly increased. Acid-modified nylons, which contain sulfonic acid groups on the polymer chain, are dyeable with cationic dyes but have little affinity for acid dyes. Thus, a carpet containing two or three nylons of varying affinity for acid dyes and an acidmodified nylon which reserves (is not stained by) acid dyes can be dyed at will with any combination of shades, including primary colors (those colors that cannot be obtained by mixing other colors together) side by side on the same carpet. Dyeing methods have been developed so that such carpets can be dyed with acid and cationic dyes in a single dyeing operation. Thus, a red cationic dye and a blue acid dye (with a suitable dyebath additive to prevent coprecipitation of the dyes) will produce varying shades of blue on the acidreceptive nylons and a red shade on the acid-modified R and R H, alkyl, alkoxy or Cl R H, alkyl, alkoxy, Cl, NHCO alkyl or NHC0C,,-H R H, Cl, alkyl or alkoxy (P alkyl alkyl x= N N/ or U alkyl cu gmcag r -Continued v= N R R R or NHCOCl-l N R R R where R,

R or H m O or I n O or I Z=H when n=Oand OH when n-l A anion and where alkyl groups contain 1-4 atoms. The dyes have excellent reserve of non-acid-modified nylon. deep dyeing characteristics on acid-modified nylon and excellent exhaust from the dyebath.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The monoazo dyes of this invention may be prepared by conventional techniques, by diazotizing a monoquaternary diamine of the formula (where R, R and R are as defined above) in aqueous hydrochloric acid at about ()l()C. with sodium nitrite and coupling the resulting diazonium compound to a quaternary amine or a tertiary amine salt of the structure (where the symbols are as defined above). The coupling reaction may be carried out by dissolving the coupler in water at room temperature or below, but preferably at about 520C., and then slowly adding the diazonium salt preparation to it, or vice versa. To increase the reaction rate, the pH of the reaction mixture may be raised to about 3-4 by adding a suitable inorganic salt or base. such as an alkali metal acetate, carbonate, bicarbonate or hydroxide. Sodium acetate and sodium hydroxide are the preferred agents.

The disazo dyes of this invention may be prepared by coupling the diazo compound, obtained as described above, to a-naphthylamine or an amine of the formula (where R and R are as defined above. Table l lists examples of such amines.

TABLE 1 aniline 0- or nvtoluidcne 0- or m-ethylaniline 0- or manisidine 0- or m-phenetidine o-or m-ehloroaniline cresidine 2,5-xylidine 2,5-dimethoxyaniline 2,5-diethoxyaniline S-chloro-o-toluidine S-chloro-o-anisidine Coupling may be effected at room temperature or below, but preferably at lO-15C., by dissolving the amine totally or partially in aqueous acid and then slowly adding the diazonium salt preparation to the coupler preparation, or vice versa. Adjustment of the pH as described above may be carried out to increase the rate of coupling.

The monoazo amine thus obtained may be diazotized, at room temperature or below, in situ or after first isolating and redissolving or reslurrying the intermediate in aqueous hydrochloric acid. It is then coupled to the final coupler as described above.

The monoazo and disazo dyes thus prepared may be salted from solution if necessary and then isolated by filtration.

Monoand disazo dyes in which the coupler is the salt of a tertiary amine may be used in this form, or may be quaternized by any of the agents known for this purpose in the art. Common examples include alkyl chlorides, bromides and iodides, benzyl chloride, bromide and sulfate, alkyl sulfates and alkyl p-toluenesulfonates. Alkyl may contain up to four carbon atoms, but methyl and ethyl are the preferred species.

Another alternative procedure for preparing the subject dyes is by diazotizing p-aminophenacyl chloride or 4-amino-3-chlorophenacyl chloride and coupling as described above to give monoor disazo intermediates. These compounds may then be treated with a tertiary amine to give the desired products.

For economic reasons, the preferred anion is chloride. However, substitution of other anions in no way impairs the desirable properties of the subject dyes and in some cases (i.e. for ease of isolation of the dye) may be beneficial. Various procedures are available for introducing other anions. For instance, salts such as zinc chloride, sodium iodide, sodium fluoborate, etc., may be used as salting agents to precipitate the biscationic dyes as the zinc chloride double salt, the iodide and the fluoborate, respectively. Hydrochloric acid may be replaced with sulfuric acid in the procedures described above to produce the sulfate form of the dyes. Quaternization of the coupler compounds, before or after dye formation, may be effected by any of the agents known in the art for this purpose. Thus may such anions as bromide, methosulfate and p-toluenesulfonate be introduced. Picrate and phosphate are two more potentially desirable anions.

The preparation of the starting monoquaternary diamines is described in US. Pat. No. 2,821,526. Acetanilide is reacted with chloroacetyl chloride in the presence of aluminum chloride to give pacetamidophenacyl chloride. Reaction of this material with a suitable tertiary amine. followed by removal of the N-aeetyl group by acid hydrolysis, produces the desired monoquaternary amine. Examples of such diamines are given in Table 2.

TABLE 2 (p-aminophenacyl )trimethylammonium chloride (P-aminophenacyl)triethylammonium chloride (p-aminophenacyl )tri-n-propylammonium chloride (p-aminophenacyl)tri-n-butylammonium chloride (p-aminophenacyl )dimethyl( Z-hydroxyethyl )ammonium chloride (p-aminophenacyl )diethyl( Z-hydroxyethyl )ammonium chloride (p-aminophenacyl )ethylbis( Z-hydroxyethyl )ammonium chloride (p-aminophenacyl )methylbis( hydroxyisopropyl )ammonium chloride (p-aminophenacyl)benzyldimethylammonium chloride (p-aminophenacyl )benzylmethyl( Z-hydroxyethyl )ammonium chloride (p-aminophenacyl )ethylpiperidinium chloride (p-aminophenacyl)methylpyrrolidinium chloride (p-aminophenacyl )pyridinium chloride (4-amino-3chlorophcnacyl )trimethylammonium chloride The couplers are also prepared by known techniques from N-alkylanilines or m-chloro, m-alkyl or m alkoxy derivatives thereof, e.g. by sequential reaction with ethyleneimine, chloroacetyl chloride and a secondary or tertiary amine; by reaction with ethylene oxide. replacement of the resulting hydroxyl group with chlorine and subsequent reaction with a secondary or tertiary amine; reaction with epichlorhydrin and then a secondary or tertiary amine; reaction with epichlorhydrin, replacement of the terminal chlorine atom with a primary amine group and then sequential reaction with chloroacetyl chloride and a secondary or tertiary amine. and so on. Other useful couplers are prepared by alkylating and quaternizing N-phenylpiperazine, or the m-chloro, m-alkyl or m-alkoxy derivatives thereof. with any of the known quaternizing agents, examples of which are given above. Examples of such couplers are given in Table 3.

The biscationic azo dyes of this invention have been found to have good exhaust and lightfastness on acidmodified BCF nylon fibers. Such polymers are described, for instance, in US. Pat. No. 3,l84.436 and contain sulfonate groups along the polymer chain which act as dye sites for basic or cationic dyes. The instant dyes have also been found to display an almost total lack of affinity for unmodified nylon fibers under neutral to weakly acidic conditions. In other words, at pH6-6.5, the biscationie dyes almost completely reserve nylon fibers which do not contain sulfonate groups. This behavior differs from that of known monoeationic orange and red dyes, which tend to stain unmodified nylon under near-neutral conditions and which display good reserve only under more acidic conditions (ie pH 4 or below).

The importance of these observations lies in the fact the nylon styling carpeting, which contains acidmodified and unmodified nylons, is piece-dyed most satisfactorily at pH 6-6.5. Acid and cationic dyes are applied to the carpeting from a single dyebath, which contains an additive to prevent coprecipitation 0f the oppositely charged dye molecules. There are several reasons why neutral to weakly acidic conditions are preferred for this dyeing procedure.

a. Although cationic dyes generally reserve unmodified nylons more efficiently at lower pH, they do not exhaust as well from the dyebath onto acidmodified nylon.

b. Acid dyes generally exhaust more efficiently at lower pH, but suffer a decrease in levelness on unmodified nylon and tend to stain acid-modified nylon.

c. Styling carpet that has a jute backing undergoes increased staining of the nylon, by impurities in the jute, with increasing acidity, causing dulling of dye shade and deterioration of dye fastness properties.

At neutral to weakly acidic conditions, cationic dyes may be applied to nylon styling carpet in conjunction with neutral-dyeing acid dyes, which have satisfactory exhaust and levelness under these conditions. It has now been discovered that the biscationic dyes described hereinabove have significantly better nonstaining properties on unmodified nylon at pH 6-6.5 than any known commercial orange to red cationic dye.

Although biscationic dyes have been disclosed in the patent literature for several years for use on various substrates, particularly for acid-modified acrylic fibers, biscationic dyes like those disclosed in the present invention were found to have very limited utility on acrylics (such as those disclosed in US. Pat. No. 2,837,500 and US. Pat. No. 2,837,501) because of low affinity and poor buildup on the substrates. Much the same thing was found to be true of acid-modified polyester (such as is disclosed in US. Pat. No. 3,018,272). Thus, it was totally unexpected to find that the biscationic dyes of this invention have entirely adequate buildup on acid-modified nylon. producing deep orange to violet shades thereon.

Commercial nylon styling carpet usually contains acid-modified nylon and from two to four unmodified nylons of varying acid dye receptivity which are tufted onto a backing in a random pattern to give the desired styling effects. The acid dye receptivity of the unmodified nylon fibers is a function of their amine end content, which may range from S to more than 100 gramequivalents of free amine ends per grams of polymer. Four unmodified nylon fibers in the same styling yarn may have the following amine-end content:

1. 525 gram-equivalents light-dyeable with acid dyes 2. 25-55 gram-equivalents mediumdyeabld' with acid dyes 3. 55-100 gram-equivalents deep-dyeable" with acid dyes 4. 1()O1ZOgram-equivalents ultradeep-dyeable" with acid dyes The deep-dyeing nylons (3) and (4) are disclosed in US. Pat. No. 3,078,248.

The carpeting can be dyed with acid and cationic dyes in the same dyebath by using as a dyeing assistant a sulfobetaine of the general structure (CHJSH -OLHCH- CI QOH G9 R ci-|.N cH .c|-i.cH,so,

(CH CH -O),,CH- .CH OH where R aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of 7-17 carbon atoms The preparation of these compounds is described in US. Pat. No. 3,280,179. Their utility in this particular end-use is disclosed in the defensive publication of Robbins dated Apr. 29, 1969, Ser. No. 634,477. The functions of the sulfobetaine additive are to prevent coprecipitation of the acid and cationic dyes, to enhance the levelness of both classes of dye without suppressing buildup and to minimize cross-staining.

Piece dyeing is carried out at temperatures above C. and preferably near the boil (100C.). Lower temperatures cause inferior exhaust and poor contrast through cross-staining. The pH of the dyebath may be anywhere from 3 to 9, but the most favored pH range is 6-6.5, for reasons given earlier in the discussion.

The sulfobetaine dyeing assistant may be used in amounts as low as 0.05% of the weight of the fiber being dyed, but the best results are obtained with 02-03%. Amounts in excess of 0.5% of the weight of the fiber have led to an increase in cross-staining.

The dyeing procedure is advantageously preceded by a bleach scour, as described in Example 17 (a), in order to obtain maximum shade brightness and contrast.

Finally, dyeing is usually followed by conventional rinse and drying steps. Conventional finishing, drying, latexing, and double backing application may be performed by customary means.

The aforementioned dyeing procedure may be adapted for the continuous dyeing of styling carpet, a comparatively new technique which is referred to in Melliand Textilberichte," 48, 415-448 (April, 1967 Continuous dyeing is taught as being related to piece dyeing in that it is an aqueous process, but

a. at very low bath ratios, i.e. 5:1 instead of 30:1 to

50:1 and b. the rate of fixation is much faster, since temperatures near the boil are attained more quickly in a steamer than in heating up a beck. Cationic and acid or direct dyes may also be printed onto nylon styling carpeting, with excellent results.

Although the discussion has been devoted up to this point to styling carpeting, there are other areas in which BCF nylon styling yarns may be effectively used, such as upholstery and accent or throw rugs. The dyeing of these items may be carried out by the same means as that described for carpeting, using suitable equipment. Thus, carpeting is usually dyed in becks; upholstery is usually dyed in jigs; accent or throw rugs are usually dyed in paddle machines.

In order to evaluate the instant biscationic dyes for use on nylon styling yarns, they were dyed singly and in the absence of any acid dyes, onto a skein of acidmodified, l 300 denier BCF nylon (such as is described in US. Pat. No. 3,184,436) in the presence of a skein of light-dyeable unmodified, 3700 denier BCF nylon having an amine-end content of 5-25 gram-equivalents per 10 grams of polymer. The dyeing procedure was the same as that described in Example 17 and the evaluation of cross-staining and light-fastness for some typical dyes of this invention appears in Example 20.

EXAMPLES The preparation of the dyes of this invention may be illustrated by the following examples. Parts are given by weight.

EXAMPLE 1 ring the reaction mass at 4550C. for IS minutes. Coupling of (p-Aminophenacyl )trimethylammonium After stirring overnight at room temperature, the solids Chloride (Quatamine") t were filtered, washed with 500 parts of 5% sodium fluo [Z-(N-ethyl-m-toluidino)ethylcarbamoylmethyl]trimeroborate solution and then with 500 parts of isopropathylammonium Chl id 5 nol, and dried. The chromatographically pure red solid A solution of 22.9 parts ofQ t i i 250 parts had an absorptivity of 535 liters gram emf at 488 of water and 35 parts of lN-hydrochloric acid was l dimelhylacemmidei Water COOlfid t0 |OC. and treated with 23.5 parts Of SN- Based on the above procedure, the structure of the sodium nitrite solution. After stirring at this temperadye is lCzHB a t) O N QH.NHC0CHfi {CH1 t. i

ture for a /2 hour, excess nitrous acid was destroyed EXAMPLE 3 with a small quantity of sulfamic acid. The diazo preparation was added over a period of minutes to a solu Coupling of Quatamine to tion of 32.9 parts of the coupler in 100 parts of water y my hyl-2-hy xy-l at l0l 5C., containing enough acetic acid to give the pr pyl n diuminc solutlcm 3 P of A5 p g Proceedcch the P 15.] Parts of Quatamine" were diazotized in a conwas maintained at 3.5-4.0 by intermittent addition of val-tional manner essentially as described in Example sodium acetate. The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 The diazonium Salt Solution was added to a suspem hours at after which the temperamre was sion of 18.5 parts of coupler in 25 parts of water adallowed to rise to room temperature. The solution was justed to pH 5 with acetic acid and Cooied to heated to and I Parts of Sodium The pH was maintained at about 5 during the coupling time were added in portions. Precipitation of the y procedure by addition of sodium acetate. The reaction Occurredmixture was then stirred for /2 hour and then warmed The temperature was allowed \0 room p to 2530C. The product was salted out of solution by ature and the reaction mass was stirred at this temperath dditi of 23 art f sodium iodide, isolated by ture overnight. The solids were isolated by filtration, filtration, washed with 5% sodium iodide solution and washed with 500 parts of l0% sodium iodide and then then with a little water, and dried. The dark red powder with 500 parts of isopropanol and dried. The chromatohad an absorptivity of 48.5 liters gram cm.' at graphically pure. reddish-orange powder had an ab- 495mg. sorptivity of 42.5 liters gram cm. at 490 my. (in di- Based on the above procedure the structure of the methylacetamide: water 4:1 dye is H, H (CH;,);,% cH.,c0 N=N -N L zie (H H-CH. ,H

Found: C, 43.8, 43.6; H, 5.7, 5.8; Azo N, 3.9, 4.0; l, EXAMPLE 4 i is l' gg for C27H42N"O2I2: I; A20 Quaternization of the Dye of Example 3 On the basis of the above results, the structure of the A mixture of 15 parts of the dye of Example 3. I? dye is parts of methyl iodide, 4.6 parts of potassium carbon- 2 3 tc nfi tea 2:

C. .H INHCOCH2N (CH1. 1;

EXAMPLE 2 ate and 200 parts of isopropanol was heated to the reflux temperature with stirring for 6 hours. An additional 1 L5 parts of methyl iodide was then added and the reaction mixture stirred at the reflux temperature In the pr0Cdur 0f Example I, Pa Q for a further 4 hours. After allowing the mass to cool mine were replaced by 2 parts o (pby stirring overnight, the product was separated by filam n phen ylipy ini Chloride The y was tration, washed with isopropanol and dried. The dye salted from solution by addition of sodium fluoroboh d an absorptivity of 28.5 liters gram cm? at 488 rate. An oil was formed initially which solidified on stirmy Coupling of (p-aminophenacyl)pyridinium Chloride to the Coupler of Example I 1 l Based on the above procedure, the structure of the dye is It I] L EXAMPLE Coupling of Quatamineto [3-( N-ethyl-m-toluidino )-2-hydroxypropyl ]trimethylammonium chloride 20.4 Parts of ()uatamine" were diazotized by the procedure described in Example I. 72 Parts of the coupler were then added at 5-lOC. and the reaction mixture stirred at this temperature for l hour. The temperature was then allowed to rise to 25C. over a period of 2 hours. The pH of the reaction mass was adjusted to 3-4 with sodium acetate and 26 parts of sodium fluoborate were added. The reaction mass was stirred for 2 hours and the solids were isolated by filtration. washed with 250 parts of 1071 sodium fluoborate and then with I20 parts of isopropanol and finally dried. Yield: 44 parts of red needles, having an absorptivity of 53.0 liters gram cm? at 489 mp.

Based on the above procedure. the structure of the dye is EXAMPLE 6 Coupling of (-p-aminophenaeyl )dimethyl( Z-hydroxyethyl ammonium chloride to the coupler of Example 3 Diazotization of l 5.5 parts of (paminophenacyl )dimethyl-( Z-hydroxyethyl )ammonium chloride was carried out essentially as described in Ere ample 1.

To the diazonium salt solution was added 17.2 parts of the pure coupler of Example 3 over :1 I 5-20 minute period. The reaction mixture was stirred at l()l5C. for 2 hours and then allowed to wamt to room temperature. After stirring for a further 2 hours, sodium hydroxide solution was added to raise the pH to 4 and the temperature raised to -55C. Addition of 25 parts of sodium fluoroborate caused the dye to precipitate as an oil, which crystallized on stirring the reaction mass overnight at room temperature.

EXAMPLE 7 Coupling of (p-aminophenacyl)pyridinium Chloride to N'-phenyl-N,Ndimethylpiperazinium Iodide A solution of 7 parts of (paminophenacyl)pyridinium chloride in 75 parts of water and 7 parts of ION-hydrochloric acid were treated with 7.3 parts of SN-sodium nitrite at O5C.

l on

After stirring the reaction mixture for a V2 hour. excess nitrous acid was destroyed with sulfamie acid. The diazo preparation was added to a mixture of 9.2 parts 5 of the coupler and 100 parts of water, the mixture being first adjusted to pH 4 with acetic acid and cooled to 5l()C. Sodium acetate was added during the coupling reaction to'maintain the pH of the reaction mixture at 4-4.5. The mixture was stirred for l /2 hours at ca. 10C and then overnight at room temperature. The solids were isolated by filtration and washed with 20 parts of water and then 50 parts of isopropanol. The dark brown dye was slurried in 50 parts of isopropanol, isolated by filtration, washed with isopropanol and dried. The chromatographically pure tinctorially weak dye had a shoulder at 360 me, where the absorptivity was 19.6 liters gram emf.

Based on the above procedure the structure of the dye is (where A is and/or r).

EXAMPLE 8 Coupling of Quatamine" to (a) cresidine, (b) 2,5-dimethoxyaniline, (c) m-toluidine Diazotization of 68.5 parts of Quatamine was carried out as in Example 1. The resulting solution of the diazonium salt was divided into three equal parts.

a. To the first part was added a partial solution of 13.6 parts of cresidine in 50 parts of water containing enough acetic acid to dissolve about half of the cre'sidine. The reaction mixture was stirred at l015C. for 4 hours and then overnight at room temperature. Filtration yielded solids which were washed with 200 parts of 20% salt solution, 200 parts of 10% salt solution, 200 parts of salt solution and finally with 100 parts of isopropanol. After being dried, the red powder was found to have an absorptivity of 68.5 liters gram cm. at 488 mp. The structure of the intermediate is:

/ OCH cie b. The second part of the dlazo preparation was treated with 15.2 parts of 2,5-dimethoxyaniline, essentially as described in a) above. The resulting brown powder had an absorptivity of 62.5 liters gram" cm. at 490 mg.

The structure of the intermediate is:

19 I)Il I O ocni.

c. The third portion of the diazo preparation was 1 Q N N I CH ity of 70.3 liters gram at 454 mg. The structure of the intermediate is CH- 2A6,

9 (CHBJJIN z N=N -NH2 C16 CH3 EXAMPLE 9 Coupling of the Monoazo Intermediates of Example 8 to N',N'-Diethyl-N-ethyl-N-(m-tolyl)ethylenediamine a. Diazotization of 16.5 parts of the intermediate from Example 8 a) was efi'ected in aqueous hydrochloric acid at 10-l5C., using a 25% molar excess of sodium nitrite. After 1 /2 hours, excess nitrous acid was destroyed with sulfamic acid.

Coupling was effected by addition of 9.2 parts of the pure coupler to the diazonium salt solution at 1015C. The reaction mixture was stirred at this temperature for 3 hours and then at room temperature overnight.

The pH of the reaction mass was then adjusted to 5.0 with 30% caustic soda solution. 1 1.5 Parts of sodium iodide were added and the mass was heated to 4045C. and then stirred at room temperature overnight.

Filtration yielded solids which were reslurried in 200 parts of 1% sodium iodide solution. The dye was reisolated by filtration, washed with 50 parts of 1% sodium iodide, reslurried in 50 parts of isopropanol, reisolated, washed with 50 parts of isopropanol and dried. The red-brown powder had an absorptivity of 35.0 liters gram cm. at 525 mu.

Based on the above procedure, the dye has the structure:

Based on the above procedure, the structure of the treated with 12 parts of m-toluidine, as described in (a) dye is:

above. The resulting orange powder had an absorptivc. The procedure of Example 9 (a), using the monoazo intermediate of Example 8 (c), produced a dye having an absorptivity of 43.0 liters gram cm? at 523 my.

Based on the above procedure, the structure of the dye is:

EXAMPLE l Quaternization of the Dye of Example 9 (c) Quaternization of IO parts of the dye of Example 9 (c) with 2| .5 parts of methyl iodide, using the procedure of Example 4, produced a dark reddish-brown powder having an absorptivity of 43.3 liters gram cm. at l0 ma. Based on the above procedure, the structure of the dye is:

c. o-Chloroquatamine 1 1.1 Parts of (4-acetylamino-3-chlorophenacyl)- trimethylammonium chloride were heated in 90 parts of water and 81 parts of concentrated hydrochloric acid a reflux. The aqueous reaction solution had 5.12% diazotizable compound by weight (-l00% yield).

EXAMPLE [2 Coupling of o-Chloroquatamine to [2-( N-ethylanilino )ethyl ]trirnethylammoniurn Chloride Diazotization of l3.2 parts of o-chloroquatamine was effected by a conventional procedure. The diazo solution was added to a solution of 12.5 parts of the EXAMPLE 1 1 Preparation of (4-Amino-3-ehlorophenacyl )trimethylammonium Chloride (o-Chloroquatamine") a. m-Chloro-p-acetylaminophenacyl Chloride A solution of l8.75 parts of p-acetylaminophenacyl chloride in 140 parts of acetic acid and 32.5 parts of concentrated hydrochloric acid was cooled to ()5C. 3

A solution of 4.4 parts of sodium chlorate in parts of water was added dropwise and allowed to react at room temperature for three hours. The product was isolated by filtration and washed with bisulflte solution and then with water. It was then recrystallized from an acetonewater mixture to yield 9.7 partsof product, m.p. l82l 84; ir (Nujol) 3400 (N-H) and 1690 cm. (C=O). Anal. Calcd for C H Cl NO (246): C, 48.8;

justed to 44.5 with sodium acetate,as required. After stirring for V2 hour, the temperature was allowed to rise and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. It was then warmed to 350C. and parts of sodium fluoroborate were slowly added. Precipitation of the dye started immediately.

After stirring overnight, the solids were isolated by filtration, washed with 5% sodium fluoroborate solution, then with isopropanol, and dired. The dye had an absorptivity of 52.] liters gram cm. .at 478 mp. Found: C, 46.5, 46.4; H, 5.8, 5.8; N, 11.0, 1L0; Azo N, 4.6, 4.6. Calcd for C H ',.,B ClF,.N O: C, 46.6; H, 5.9; N, 11.4; Azo N, 4.5.

The structure of the dye is:

H, 3.7; (:1, 28.7; N, 5.7. Found: c, 49.1, 49.3; H, 3.9,

EXAMPLE I 3 Coupling of o-Chloroquatamine" to [2-( N-ethyl-m-toluidino)ethyl]diethylmethylammonium methosulfate Diazotization of l3.2 parts of o-chloroquatamine" and coupling to 18.9 parts of coupler were carried out essentially ad described in Example l2. The dye had an absorptivity of 47.5 liters gram emf at 490 my" Found: C, 48.1, 48.0; H, 6.l, 6.1; N, 10.4, 10.3; Azo N, 4.4, 4.3. Calc'd for C H B CIF N O: C, 49.5; H, 6.4; N, l0.7; Azo N, 4.3. The dye has the structure:

EXAMPLE l4 Coupling of o-Chloroquatamine" to N-ethy1-N-( m-tolyl )-N',N'-diethyl-2-hydroxyl ,3- propylenediamine parts of acetic acid. After stirring at C. for 2 hours, the reaction mixture was allowed to warm up to room temperature over a l-hour period. The pH was adjusted to 3.2105 with sodium acetate and the mass was heated to 4045C. with stirring. A solution of 10.8 parts of sodium iodide in 150 parts of water was added and the mixture stirred overnight. The mother-liquor was then decanted and the oily dye was triturated in 250 parts of 1% sodium iodide solution. The resulting slurry was then heated at 4()C. for 1 hour and the solids isolated by filtration and dried. Yield: 25.5 parts. The dye had an absorptivity of 30.9 liters gram cm. at 545 mu.

Based on the above procedure. the structure of the dye is as c n :i):i (H-1C0 N= N: N/ 216 B J (crust H (1.1-!- e (cram cmco -N=N -N/ 9 201 cHfiHcHaT (CL-HA);- OH H EXAMPLE 15 b. The procedure described in (a) above was re- Coupling of Quatamine" to [2-( N-ethyl-m-toluidino )ethyl ]diethylmethylammonium methosulfate When 13.2 parts of o-chloroquatamine were replaced by l 1.4 parts of Quatamine in the procedure of Example 12, a dye was obtained which was salted out of solution with sodium iodide, isolated by filtration, washed with water and dried. The reddish-orange powder had an absorptivity of 45.6 liters gram cm? at 469 mu. Based on the above procedure, the dye has the structure:

) peated,

except that N-ethyl-N-phcnyl-N'.N'- diethylethylenediamine was replaced with an equivalent amount of N-ethyl-N-(m-tolyl)-N',N'- diethylethylenediamine. The product was precipitated from solution with sodium chloride, isolated by filtration, reslurricd in 100 parts of water for 1 hour and reisolated by filtration. The solids were washed in turn with 10%, 5% and then 1% sodium chloride solution and dried. Yield: 14.5 parts. The dye had an absorptivity of 59.9 liters gram cm." at 570 mp. Based on the above procedure, the structure of the dye is Preparation of Two Dyes from p-(4-aminonaphthylazo)phenacylammonium Chloride A mixture of 41.9 parts of p-(4-aminonaphthylazo)- phenacylammonium chloride. 300 parts of water, parts of acetic acid and 1 1.6 parts of ION-hydrochloric acid was cooled to 20C. and 34.2 parts of SN-sodium nitrite were slowly added. After stirring for 30 minutes at 20 C excess nitrite was destroyed with a small quantity of sulfamic acid. The diazonium salt solution was cooled to 15C. and divided into two equal parts.

a. To one half of the diazo solution was added a solution of 1 1.4 parts of N-ethyl-N-phenyl-N,N'- diethylethylenediamine in 25 parts of water and 10 sodium perborate 4 parts trisodium phosphate 0.25 part a sulforbetaine" 0.5 part C, mono-unsaturated The temperature was raised to l60F. for minutes and the carpet rinsed in water at 100F.

b. Dyeing Procedure The carpeting was added to 4000 parts of water containing the aforementioned sulfobetaine 1 part the tetrasodium salt of ethylcnediamine tetraacetic acid 025 part tetrasodium pyrophosphate 0.2 part.

The dyebath was adjusted to pH 6 with monosodium phosphate and the temperature raised to 80F. for 10 minutes. 0.05 Part of the dye of Example 1 was added and, after holding the dyebath at 80F. for 10 minutes, the temperatures was raised at ca. 2F. per minute to 210F. and held at this temperature for l hour. The carpeting was rinsed in cold water and dried. The acidmodified band was dyed a scarlet shade. The unmodi' fied fibers had a negligible stain.

EXAMPLE l8 Printing of BCF Nylon Styling Carpeting A sample of BCF nylon styling carpeting was printed with a mixture containing the cationic dye ol Example 3 the sull'ohetaine described in Example 17 glacial acetic acid carrageenin thickener Chemist and Colorist," Jan. I4, 1970, pages 6-12,

nylon styling carpeting as described in Example 18 above was run through a wet-out bath at 80F. containing an organic alcohol extended with ethylene oxide a sull'ated polyglyeol ether Pickup was about 80%. The carpeting was then continuously treated with an aqueous dyehath composition containing the dye of Example 2 an organic alcohol extended with ethylene oxide a sull'ated polygl col ether a purified natural gum ether the sullbhetaiil'ie described in Example l7 acetic acid monosodium phosphate The dyebath temperature was 80F. Pickup was about 200%. The carpeting was then run through a steamer at 212F., in which the dwell time was 8 minutes. The carpeting was rinsed thoroughly and dried.

The acid-modified nylon fibers were dyed an orange shade; the unmodified fibers were negligibly stained.

EXAMPLE 20 Evaluation of Cross-Staining and Light-Fastness The dyes of Examples l-7, 9, l0 and 12-16 were applied to skeins of acid-modified BCF nylon in the presence of skeins of light-dyeable" unmodified BCF ny- Ion. by the dyeing procedure described in Example 17. For comparison, a commercially available monoca' tionic dye was used, having the structure to give the desired viscosity 5 parts 05 part 5 parts to ")0 parts to adjust the pH to cat.

The results appear in Table 4. In each case, the shade depth on the acid-modified skein was adjusted to be visually equal to that of the monocationic dye at 0.5% (on the weight of the fiber).

Ratings of staining and light-fastness were made accordto the Gray Scale. as given in the Manual of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists. The numbers have the following significance:

5 negligible or no change (or stain) 4 slight change (or stain) 3 noticeable change (or stain) 2 considerable change (or stain) l change (or stain) W weak Table 4 LighrFastness Stain on unon Acid-Modified modified Nylon 4 hours "Light-Dyeahle" Xenon Arc Example Shade Nylon Fade-Ometer Commercial dye red 3-2 5-4W red 5-4 Table 4 -Continued Light-Fuslness Stain on unon Acid-Modificd modified Nylon 80 hours Light-Dycuhlc Xenon Arc Example Shade Nylon Fadc-mcter 2 orange 43 1 scarlet 5 5-4W 4 scarlet S S-4W 5 scarlet 5 54W 6 orange 4-3 7 yellow 5-4 9(a) maroon 4 )(h) \iolet 5 9{ u) maroon 5-4 444W l(l maroon 5-4 4! I 2 orange 5-4 54W 13 scarlet 5-4 5-4W l4 maroon 5-4 5-4W 15 orange 5 54W 16m) violet 4 J-2Y W 16(h) blue-violet 4 4W. 3R

The embodiments ofthe invention in which an exclu- R5 and R are H, alkyl, alkoxy or Cl sive property or privilege is claimed are defined as fol- R is H, alkyl, alkoxy, Cl, NHCO alkyl or NHCOC H l R is H, Cl, aikyl or alkoxy 1. A biscationic disazo dye having the formula: kw

ci-nc|-i Ci-| Y a R a 9 e R R RQN CH CO N=N-WN=N x 2A9 IS NR9R2 R3 or RgpRu, where R9 7 is R, or H n is O or I where Z is H when n is 0 and OH when n is 1 R is a ky A is anion R is alkyl r hydroxyalky an where alkyl and alkoxy, each occurrence, contain R is alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or benzyl 1-4 carbon atoms. R is H or Cl 40 2. The biscationic azo dye of claim I in which R, W is 1,4-naphthylene or CH R CH;,, R CH R H. R CH;;, R, H

and 5 C-,H Xea: N/ \CH,CH-CH2N (CHJJH OH R UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION PATENT NO. 3,910,876 DATED October 7, 1975 |NVENTOR(5) Daniel Shaw James It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

GP C01. 22, line 53 "NHCOCH2NR9R3" should read gigncd and Scaled this twenty-seventh D f January 1976 [SEAL] Arrest:

RUTH C. MASON C. MARSHALL DANN Arresting Officer Commissioner of Patents and Trademark: 

1. A BISCATIONIC DISAZO DYE HAVING THE FORMULA:
 2. The biscationic azo dye of claim 1 in which R1 CH3, R2 CH3, R3 CH3, R4 H, R7 CH3, R8 H, and 